“Can’t hear you.” “Use the mic.” Nothing is more frustrating for an audience than a speaker who cannot be heard. It doesn’t take a professional speaker to use a microphone effectively, but there will come a time when a subject matter expert or volunteer will need to step up and speak in public. Whether it’s a wedding toast, a thank you for an award, guesting on a podcast, or making an announcement over the PA system, using a microphone effectively is crucial to ensure your message is heard and to demonstrate professionalism.

Types of Microphones

Handheld Microphones

• Dynamic Handheld Microphones: Ideal for stages, handling loud sounds well without picking up much background noise. Hold the microphone no further than three inches from your mouth and aim the head directly at your mouth. Hold the base horizontally for maximum voice amplification.
• Condenser Microphones: Best for controlled environments like studios, picking up small details in recordings. Ideal for podcasts and broadcasts, they can plug into a laptop for broadcast-quality sound.

Headset Microphones

• These are worn on the head with a small microphone attached to a wire, often used in call centers and by presenters who move around a lot, such as exercise instructors or motivational speakers. Ensure the microphone is positioned near the mouth for maximum volume, though they can sometimes be distracting.

Lavalier Microphones

• A hands-free option clipped to your clothing, ideal for presentations, theaters, and television broadcasts. Remember to turn off the microphone before and after your presentation to avoid picking up unwanted conversations. Be cautious with gestures that might produce percussive sounds and consider wardrobe adjustments for the battery pack.

Podium Microphones

• Attached to a podium or lectern, commonly used at lectures, conferences, and universities. Adjust the level of the microphone close to your mouth and avoid swaying to maintain clear and consistent sound.

Dos and Don’ts When Using a Microphone

Do:

1. Test the Microphone and Do a Sound Check: Arrive early and get to know the audio-visual person in charge. Have a point person for troubleshooting sound issues.
2. Consistency is Key: Hold the microphone at the same distance from your mouth to avoid sound variations.
3. Speak Slowly and Clearly: Clearly enunciate as high-frequency sounds can be distorted.
4. Use Gestures: Even with a handheld microphone, gesturing with one hand can engage the audience and demonstrate enthusiasm.
5. Project Your Voice: Use enough volume to enhance the sound without yelling into the microphone.
6. Wear a Belt with a Lavalier Mic: The battery pack can be attached to a waistband or placed in a pocket.

Don’t:

1. Hold the Microphone Too Close or Too Far: This creates inconsistent sound.
2. Blow on the Microphone: Tapping, blowing, or saying “Testing, Testing” produces unpleasant noises and you’ll appear unprepared. Do a sound check before speaking.
3. Ignore Feedback: A high-pitched screech indicates you’re too close to the audio system. Move away and, if necessary, request a new microphone. Always have a backup.
4. Move Constantly: It distracts the audience and affects sound quality.
5. Forget to Turn Off the Microphone: Unintended comments or conversations might be heard by the audience.
6. Hog the Microphone: During panel discussions, take turns speaking and passing the microphone to the next panelist.

Public speaking is an essential skill for everyone. It’s not enough to know your message; how you deliver it is key. Handling technology, particularly microphones, is a critical part of the presentation. Master the microphone, and your message will be heard, raising your credibility and professionalism while engaging the audience.

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